Patrones electrocardiográficos en pacientes con enfermedad de Chagas en zona sur de la ciudad de Salta / Electrocardiographic patterns in patients with Chagas disease in south of Salta city / Padrões eletrocardiográficos em pacientes com doença de Chagas no sul da cidade de Salta

Introducción. Los pacientes con serología positiva para enfermedad de Chagas pueden presentar en su evolución diferentes lesiones eléctricas que difieren de acuerdo a la distribución geográfica del Trypanosoma cruzi. Objetivos. Determinar qué lesiones electrocardiográficas se observan en pacientes que residen en zona sur de la ciudad de Salta (Salta, Argentina). Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo y observacional desde el 10/11/2013 hasta 29/02/2016, en el servicio de cardiología del Hospital Papa Francisco localizado en zona sur de la ciudad de Salta (Salta, Argentina). A todos los pacientes se les realizó historia clínica, electrocardiograma de 12 derivaciones y se les diagnosticó enfermedad de Chagas con dos reacciones serológicas positivas HAI y Elisa. Se utilizó el Consenso Internacional de Chagas del año 2010. Variable estadística: porcentaje. Resultados. Fueron evaluados 400 pacientes con epidemiología positiva para enfermedad de Chagas de los cuales 110 tuvieron diagnóstico de enfermedad de Chagas: 59 (54%) pacientes de sexo femenino con promedio de edad para ambos sexos de 47 años. La enfermedad de Chagas crónica sin patología demostrada se presentó en 60 (55%) pacientes, edad promedio de 45 años, la enfermedad de Chagas crónica con patología demostrada en 50 (45%) pacientes, con edad promedio de 59 años. El patrón electrocardiográfico más frecuente en la población analizada fue el HBAI+BRD. Conclusión. El patrón electrocardiográfico más frecuente en la población analizada fue HBAI+BRD, predominando en la consulta el sexo femenino.

Introduction. In patients with positive serology for Chagas disease, different electrical injuries can occur during their evolution, and they differ according to the geographical distribution of Trypanosoma cruzi. Objectives. To determine which electrocardiographic lesions have seen in patients living in south of Salta city (Salta, Argentine). Materials and methods. A prospective observational study was conducted from 11/10/2013 to 02/29/2016, at the cardiology department of Pope Francisco Hospital located in southern part of Salta city. All patients underwent a complete clinical history, 12-lead electrocardiogram and diagnosed with Chagas disease by two positive serological reactions: HAI and Elisa. The International Consensus of Chagas disease 2010 was used. Statistical variable: the percentage was used. Results. We evaluated 400 patients with positive epidemiology for Chagas disease, 110 were finally diagnosed with Chagas disease; 59 (54%) female patients, the average age for both sexes was 47 years. Chronic Chagas disease without proven structural pathology occurred in 60 (55%) patients, average age 45 years. Chronic Chagas disease with structural damage 50 (45%) average age of 59 years, the most frequent electrocardiographic pattern in the analyzed population was LAHB + RBB. Conclusion. The most frequent electrocardiographic pattern in the analyzed population was LAHB + RBB, predominating in our consultation females patients.

Antecedentes. Os pacientes com sorologia positiva para doença de Chagas pode ocorrer em sua evolução diferente lesões elétricas diferem de acordo com a distribuição geográfica das Trypanosoma cruzi. Objetivos. Determinar quais lesões eletrocardiogramas são vistas em pacientes residentes no sul da cidade de Salta (Salta, Argentina). Materiais e métodos. Um estudo observacional prospectivo foi realizado de 10/11/2013 a 29/02/2016, no departamento de cardiologia do Hospital Papa Francisco localizado na parte sul da cidade de Salta (Salta, Argentina). Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à história clínica, eletrocardiograma de 12 derivações e foram diagnosticados com a doença de Chagas com duas reações sorológicas positivas: HAI e Elisa. Consenso Internacional Chagas 2010. Estatísticas de variáveis: a percentagem foi usada. Resultados. Foram avaliados 400 pacientes com epidemiologia positiva para doença de Chagas dos quais 110 foram diagnosticados com Chagas: 59 (54%) pacientes do sexo feminino, com idade média para ambos os sexos de 47 anos. Doença de Chagas crônicas sem patologia comprovada ocorreu em 60 (55%) pacientes, com idade média de 45 anos. Doença de Chagas crônica demonstrada em 50 (45%) pacientes com idade média de 59 anos. O padrão eletrocardiográfico mais frequente na população analisada foi HBAE + BRD. Conclusão. O padrão eletrocardiográfico mais frequente na população analisada foi HBAE + BRD, predominando no sexo feminino de consulta.

Methylphenidate has long-lasting metaplastic effects in the prefrontal cortex of adolescent rats.

Methylphenidate (MPH) is widely used as a "nootropic" agent and in the treatment of disorders of attention, and has been shown to modulate synaptic plasticity in vitro. Here we present in vivo evidence that this MPH-induced metaplasticity can last long after the end of treatment. MPH (0, 0.2, 1 and 5mg/kg) was administered daily to male rats from postnatal day 42 for 15 days. The animals were tested daily in a radial maze. Long-term potentiation (LTP), a marker of neural plasticity, was induced in vivo in the prefrontal cortex after 2-3h, 15-18 days or 5 months without treatment. The behavioral performance of the 1mg/kg group improved, while that of animals that had received 5mg/kg deteriorated. In the 1 and 5mg/kg groups LTP induced 2-3h after the last MPH treatment was twice as large as in the controls. Further, 15-18 days after the last MPH administration, in groups receiving 1 and 5mg/kg, LTP was about fourfold higher than in controls. However, 5 months later, LTP in the 1mg/kg group was similar to controls and in the 5mg/kg group LTP could not be induced at all. No significant changes of LTP were seen in the low-dose group of animals (0.2mg/kg). Thus, firstly, doses of MPH that improve learning coincide approximately with those that augment LTP. Secondly, MPH-induced increases in LTP can last for several weeks, but these may disappear over longer periods or deteriorate at high doses.

Concentracion sérica de cobre ®libre¼ y ceruloplasmina en niños con desnutricion aguda grave antes de iniciar la terapia nutricional y al momento de recuperar el apetito en turbo, antioquia, colombia / Serum concentrations of free copper and ceruloplasmin in children with severe acute malnutrition before nutritional therapy and after children have recovered the apetite in turbo, antioquia, colombia

Introduction: copper supplementation therapy has been used in children with acute and severe malnutrition. Scientific evidence has shown that malnourished children with edema have free copper in plasma which could produce oxidative stress. Objective: To compared plasma concentrations of free copper between children with acute and severe malnutrition and a control group. Methodology: Cross sectional study where 66 normal and malnourished children were studied. A longitudinal study (before and after type) design was used including 40 children with severe and acute malnutrition; free copper was merasured by high-resolution capillary electrophoresis; ceruloplasmin and PCR by nephelometry. Results: In the cross sectional study children with marasmus had higher free copper serum concentrations than children with oedematous malnutrition, but the difference was not significant. In the control group this metal was not found. Children with oedema showed significant lower ceruloplasmin concentrations than children with marasmus (p=0.00) while the difference in PCR was also no significant for both groups. When the relationship between free copper serum concentrations and the presence of infection was analyzed no significant differences were obtained. However, serum albumin concentration was significantly lower for children with oedematous malnutrition than the marasmic group (p=0.016). After children recovered the appetite in the longitudinal study, serum free copper concentration decreased for both groups and ceruloplasmin concentration increased but no significant differences were observed. Conclusion: Copper supplementation could be considered as nutritional therapy for undernourished children since the beginning of the nutritional treatment, as it is recommended by WHO.

Introducción: La recuperación de los niños con desnutrición aguda grave incluye suplementación con cobre desde el inicio de la terapia; existen evidencias que niños edematosos pueden tener cobre libre en plasma el cual podría generar estrés oxidativo. Objetivo: Comparar concentraciones séricas de cobre libre y ceruloplasmina en un grupo de desnutridos agudos graves y un grupo control Metodología: estudio transversal al ingreso entre niños con y sin desnutrición en una muestra de 66 sujetos y longitudinal de tipo antes y después en 40 niños desnutridos. Se determinó cobre libre por electroforesis capilar de alta resolución; ceruloplasmina y PCR por nefelometría, además de variables clínicas Resultados: En el transversal, los marasmáticos presentaron niveles de cobre libre mayores que los edematosos sin diferencia significativa; en el grupo control este metal no se detectó. En los edematosos la concentración de ceruloplasmina fue significativamente menor con relación a los marasmáticos (p=0.00) y la PCR no presentó diferencia significativa entre ellos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los niveles de cobre libre y presencia o no de infección. La albúmina se encontró más baja en los edematosos con diferencia significativa respecto a los marasmáticos (p=0.016). En el longitudinal, al recuperar el apetito el cobre libre disminuyó y la ceruloplasmina aumentó en los dos grupos sin diferencia significativa Conclusión: el suplemento de cobre como componente de la terapia nutricional puede ser suministrado a los desnutridos desde el inicio como lo propone el protocolo de la OMS.

Endoscopic gastroenteric anastomosis using magnets.

BACKGROUND: Current management of malignant obstruction of the upper digestive tract includes surgical gastrointestinal bypass or endoscopic insertion of self-expandable metal stents. The safety, efficacy, and long-term patency rates of anastomoses created using the novel technique of endoscopic gastroenteric anastomosis using magnets (EGAM) are evaluated in this study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 15 patients (13 men, 2 women; mean age 64.5 years) with malignant obstruction, who underwent EGAM and had monthly follow-up between December 2001 and May 2003, were included in this study. RESULTS: The procedure was successful in 13 patients (88.66 %). The mean survival was 5.23 months. There were four minor complications (30.76 %) during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the feasibility, safety. and efficacy of this technique for creating a gastroenteric anastomosis. The success rate was 86.6 %, there were no immediate complications, and there was no mortality related to the procedure.

Effect of potassium on Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistance to fluconazole.

Susceptibility of strain S288c of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to fluconazole was assayed in the presence and absence of KCl. Addition of 150 mM KCl renders the strain more sensitive to the antifungal agent. The effect is caused by the K(+) ion rather than the anion or the osmolarity of the medium. The increase in sensitivity does not modify the values of intracellular and extracellular pH established in the presence of KCl.

Lesion of the bulbospinal noradrenergic pathways blocks desipramine-induced inhibition of the C-fiber evoked nociceptive reflex in rats.

Desipramine-induced inhibition of spinal cord nociceptive transmission was studied in rats with or without lesion of the bulbospinal noradrenergic system by recording the C-fiber evoked nociceptive reflex from a hind limb. Bulbospinal noradrenergic projections were lesioned by injecting intrathecally 20 microg of 6-hydroxydopamine 2 weeks before the electrophysiological experiments. Results show that desipramine (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally) produced dose-dependent inhibition of the C reflex response duration in rats having intact noradrenergic bulbospinal systems. The inhibitory effect of desipramine was reduced or even abolished in rats pre-treated with 6-hydroxydopamine. In addition, [3H]-noradrenaline uptake was significantly lower in spinal cord slices arising from 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned animals, as compared to that from intact rats. These observations support the notion that the antinociceptive activity of antidepressants with noradrenergic selectivity depends on a normal rate of endogenous noradrenaline released by bulbospinal neurons.

[Relationship between rhodamine 6G accumulation and fluconazole resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c]. / Relación entre acumulación de rodamina 6G y resistencia a fluconazol en Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c.

Severe mycotic infections are a source of concern in immunocompromised patients or in those who receive chemotherapy for hematological malignant diseases. One of the causes is referred to the appearance of antimycotic resistant microorganisms. Fluconazole is one of the antimycotic used for invasive mycoses treatment. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the factors that originate this resistance. In the present report the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c was used as a model system. In resistant strains the accumulation of the lipophilic cation Rhodamine 6G, L-leucine uptake and growth inhibition by crystal violet dye were determined. The results presented herein demonstrate the correlation between the membrane potential and the resistance to fluconazole presented by S. cerevisiae strain S288c.

Relación entre acumulación de rodamina 6G y resistencia a fluconazol en Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c / Relationship between rhodamine 6G accumulation and fluconazole resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Severe mycotic infections are a source of concern in immunocompromised patients or in those who receive chemotherapy for hematological malignant diseases. One of the causes is referred to the appearance of antimycotic resistant microorganisms. Fluconazole is one of the antimycotic used for invasive mycoses treatment. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the factors that originate this resistance. In the present report the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c was used as a model system. In resistant strains the accumulation of the lipophilic cation Rhodamine 6G, L-leucine uptake and growth inhibition by crystal violet dye were determined. The results presented herein demonstrate the correlation between the membrane potential and the resistance to fluconazole presented by S. cerevisiae strain S288c.

Relación entre acumulación de rodamina 6G y resistencia a fluconazol en Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c / Relationship between rhodamine 6G accumulation and fluconazole resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Severe mycotic infections are a source of concern in immunocompromised patients or in those who receive chemotherapy for hematological malignant diseases. One of the causes is referred to the appearance of antimycotic resistant microorganisms. Fluconazole is one of the antimycotic used for invasive mycoses treatment. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the factors that originate this resistance. In the present report the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c was used as a model system. In resistant strains the accumulation of the lipophilic cation Rhodamine 6G, L-leucine uptake and growth inhibition by crystal violet dye were determined. The results presented herein demonstrate the correlation between the membrane potential and the resistance to fluconazole presented by S. cerevisiae strain S288c.(AU)

Relación entre acumulación de rodamina 6G y resistencia a fluconazol en Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c. / [Relationship between rhodamine 6G accumulation and fluconazole resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c]

Severe mycotic infections are a source of concern in immunocompromised patients or in those who receive chemotherapy for hematological malignant diseases. One of the causes is referred to the appearance of antimycotic resistant microorganisms. Fluconazole is one of the antimycotic used for invasive mycoses treatment. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the factors that originate this resistance. In the present report the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c was used as a model system. In resistant strains the accumulation of the lipophilic cation Rhodamine 6G, L-leucine uptake and growth inhibition by crystal violet dye were determined. The results presented herein demonstrate the correlation between the membrane potential and the resistance to fluconazole presented by S. cerevisiae strain S288c.

L-proline as a nitrogen source increases the susceptibility of Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c to fluconazole.

Fluconazole inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c growth was evaluated in media containing ammonia, L-proline or L-leucine as a nitrogen source. Growth inhibition by fluconazole was maximum when L-proline was used as a nitrogen source, while rhodamine 6G accumulation and fluconazole resistance were the highest when ammonia was the sole nitrogen source.

Rehabilitación de piezas dentarias tratadas endodónticamente con conductos anormalmente ensanchados / Rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth with anomalously enlarged root canals

Se presenta una técnica de restauración de pieza endodónticamente tratada con conductos ensanchados anormalmente, cuyos resultados experimentales nos hacen pensar que debido a una simple técnica reconstructiva que usa resina compuesta convencional (3M) y el sistema adhesivo Scotchbond (3M) más un elemento de refuerzo, no presenta experimentalmente diferencia a la flexocompresión frente a una pieza tratada con un conducto normalmente ensanchado

Placental angiogenic and growth factors in the treatment of chronic varicose ulcers: preliminary communication.

A short-term clinical study on the effect of purified angiogenic and growth factors from human term placenta in the treatment of chronic varicose ulcers was carried out in 18 patients. Patients were randomly allocated to receive a maximum of two dressings containing or not containing these factors. The amount of granulation and epithelial tissue was clinically estimated 48 hours after each application. Patients treated with placental angiogenic and growth factors showed increased granulation and epithelial tissue. These results indicate that placental factors may be used for acceleration of wound healing.

Effect of decidua angiogenic factors on experimental dermis allografts.

Meshed human dermis allografts containing human uterine angiogenic factor were implanted over full thickness surgical skin wounds in rats. Enhanced angiogenesis of the wound bed, three times more than that observed in control grafts, was found in experimental grafts at 3 days postimplantation. This was accompanied by a greater amount of granulation tissue formation, enhanced granulation tissue penetration into the dermal grafts and accelerated incorporation of the grafts. Angiogenesis of the wound bed regressed to control levels at 7 days postimplantation. The growth and penetration of the granulation tissue and the accelerated incorporation of the dermis grafts, however, continued ahead in the experimental grafts while necrosis appeared in the control grafts. The relevance of these results for acceleration of wound healing and improvement of the wound bed for subsequent application of cultured epidermal grafts is discussed. This method may be extended to the treatment of ulcers and burns.

The healing of chronic venous leg ulcers with prepared human amnion.

Forty chronic venous leg ulcers were treated, before split skin grafting, with human amnion prepared in one of the four following ways: tissue-culture-maintained, frozen, fresh or lyophilised. Although there was no significant statistical difference in the results obtained with the different preparations of amnion, we found that lyophilised amnion was at least as good as the other preparations in promoting a good take of the skin grafts and was the simplest to store and use. It also produced the shortest healing times. Frozen and fresh amnion were easier to prepare than lyophilised amnion but gave a lower graft take and a longer healing time. Tissue-culture-maintained amnion was the most difficult to prepare and gave the poorest results. Its use was abandoned during the trial because of technical difficulties and a high infection rate.

Angiogenic factor from human term placenta. Purification and partial characterization.

Angiogenic and growth promoting factors from human amniochorion and placenta at term were released mostly as high molecular weight components (factor-carrier protein higher than 100,000 molecular weight) by extraction with 10% propan-2-ol, distilled water, and 50 mmol l-1 Tris/HCl pH 7.2 containing 50-150 mmol l-1 NaCl. They were isolated from the extracting media by adsorption on DEAE-Sepharose CL6B, a chromatographic agar based anion exchanger, and fractionated by chromatographic permeation on dextran gel Sephacryl S-300 yielding a low molecular weight component (between 400 and 1100 mol wt) with angiogenic and mitogenic capacities. Chromatographic behaviour and physio-chemical characteristics suggest it may be a peptide. Presence of an angiogenic and mitogenic factor in human amniochorion may explain the profuse neovascular formation and increased rate of healing obtained in the treatment of chronic ulcers by application of amniochorionic membranes as biological dressings. Preparation of purified angiogenic factor, on the other hand, opens the possibility of its wider application in the treatment of burns, open wounds and denuded areas in general.

Angiogenic and growth factors in human amnio-chorion and placenta.

Human amnio-chorionic membranes and placenta maintained in culture release factors with angiogenic and mitogenic capacities at concentrations corresponding to nanogram amounts of protein. Angiogenic activity of amnio-chorion and placenta-conditioned media was assessed by their ability to stimulate neovascularisation in the dorsal subcutaneous fascia in the rat and the chorio-allantoic membrane in the chick embryo. Mitogenic characteristics were assessed by their ability to initiate DNA synthesis in cells at resting state, unstimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes and serum-deprived 3T3 fibroblasts. These growth promoting factors can be isolated from amnio-chorion and placenta-conditioned media mostly as factor-protein complexes of high molecular weight (higher than 100000 daltons) by gel filtration, and dissociated by magnesium chloride in components of low molecular weight including molecules readily diffusable through dialysis membranes of 2000 molecular weight cutoff. Presence of angiogenic and mitogenic factors in amnio-chorion suggests they might play a role in wound healing when amniotic membranes are used as biological dressings, besides the role they may play, in conjunction with placental factors, in embryonic and foetal development.